Sterne, Jonathan AC, Hernán, Miguel A, Reeves, Barnaby C, Savović, Jelena, Berkman, Nancy D, Viswanathan, Meera, Henry, David, Altman, Douglas G, Ansari, Mohammed T, Boutron, Isabelle, Carpenter, James R, Chan, An-Wen, Churchill, Rachel, Deeks, Jonathan J, Hróbjartsson, Asbjørn, Kirkham, Jamie, Jüni, Peter, Loke, Yoon K, Pigott, Theresa D, Ramsay, Craig R, Regidor, Deborah, Rothstein, Hannah R, Sandhu, Lakhbir, Santaguida, Pasqualina L, Schünemann, Holger J, Shea, Beverly, Shrier, Ian, Tugwell, Peter, Turner, Lucy, Valentine, Jeffrey C, Waddington, Hugh, Waters, Elizabeth, Wells, George A, Whiting, Penny F and Higgins, Julian PT (2016) ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions. BMJ-British Medical Journal, 355. ISSN 1759-2151

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Abstract

Non-randomised studies of the effects of interventions are critical to many areas of healthcare evaluation, but their results may be biased. It is therefore important to understand and appraise their strengths and weaknesses. We developed ROBINS-I (“Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies - of Interventions”), a new tool for evaluating risk of bias in estimates of the comparative effectiveness (harm or benefit) of interventions from studies that did not use randomisation to allocate units (individuals or clusters of individuals) to comparison groups. The tool will be particularly useful to those undertaking systematic reviews that include non-randomised studies.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 3.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/.
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School
UEA Research Groups:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Health Services and Primary Care Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Norwich Epidemiology Centre Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Norwich Epidemiology Centre Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Population Health (former - to 2025) Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Mental Health and Social Care (fka Lifespan Health) Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Public Health
Related URLs:	http://www.bmj.com/content/355/bmj.i4919
Depositing User:	Pure Connector
Date Deposited:	17 Oct 2016 11:00
Last Modified:	27 Sep 2026 12:01
URI:	https://uea-test-2026.eprints-hosting.org/id/eprint/60947
DOI:	10.1136/bmj.i4919

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